1
A Salvaged Porphyry Popeye Birdstone, with Red Ocher
Glacial Kame Culture, Late Archaic Period, 3000-500 BCE
length 3 in.
Crafted of highly contrasting cream and dark gray porphyry; head with upturned nose and large round popeyes; body has a slight flair which accentuates the salvaged tail; remnants of red ocher.
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2
Hopewell Cache Blades, Longest 5-3/8 in.
Hopewell Culture, Middle Woodland Period, 200 BCE - 400 CE
Dickison Mounds, Peoria County, Illinois
lot of 16, longest 5-3/8 in.
The Dickison Mounds are located north of Peoria, Illinois, overlooking Lake Peoria. The mounds were named for J.B. Dickison, whose family farm was built on top. This group consisted of 12 mounds, of which the southern most was destroyed to build a construction facility. The debris from the mound was used for fill for the construction of Illinois Route 29. These cache blades were found in the debris during the highway construction.
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3
Old Copper Culture Socketed Adze
Old Copper Culture, 7000-3000 BCE
Vilas County, Wisconsin
length 3-1/8 in. x width 2-1/2 in.
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4
Old Copper Culture Socketed Adze
Old Copper Culture, 7000-3000 BCE
Wisconsin
length 3 in. x width 2-1/2 in.
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6
Old Copper Culture Socketed Points
Old Copper Culture, 7000-3000 BCE
Wisconsin
lot of 24, longest 5-1/4 in.
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7
Old Copper Culture Rolled Conical Points
Old Copper Culture, 7000-3000 BCE
Wisconsin
lot of 3, lengths 4-1/4 in., 3-1/4 in., and 3 in.
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8
Old Copper Culture Preform, Socketed Point, and Forming Mandrel
Old Copper Culture, 7000-3000 BCE
Oneida County, Wisconsin
length 2-1/8 in.
Three tools found together.
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9
Old Copper Culture Large Awls and Spears
Old Copper Culture, 7000-3000 BCE
Wisconsin
lot of 4, longest 9-3/8 in.
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10
A Group of Old Copper Culture Knives
Old Copper Culture, 7000-3000 BCE
Wisconsin
lot of 11, longest 6 in.
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11
Mi'kmaq Engraved Steatite Pipe Bowl
elongated cylindrical bowl engraved with bar and dot elements
height 2.75 in. x length 1.25 in.
18th century
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12
Eastern Woodlands Decorated Antler Crooked Knife
an early example, having a rich and warm patina; handle decorated with a heart surrounded by overlapping circles; iron blade
length 7.5 in.
first half 19th century
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13
Northeastern Ash Splint Lidded Basket
square form and having stamped decorations
height 11 in. x width 15 in. x depth 15 in.
ca 1900
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13A
Northeastern Ash Splint Lidded Basket
large rectangular form; painted in red and with potato stamped decorations
12.5 in. x length 21 in. x depth 14 in.
ca 1900
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14
Sioux Buffalo Horn Ladle, with Crane Effigy
large round spoon with a slender handle; top of handle in the form of a crane, having blue glass bead eyes; remnants of red pigment in scoop
length 13.75 in. x scoop diameter 6 in.
second half 19th century
A similar example is curated within the collections of the Detroit Institute of Arts (accession number 81.410).
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15
Eastern Woodlands Elm Burl Feast Bowl
exceptionally large bowl having rectangular handles and remnants of old red paint
height 7.25 in. x length 25.5 in. x width 18.25 in.
late 18th century
cf. Powers, Steven. North American Burl Treen (2005: 122, pl. 7/2 a/b)
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16
Eastern Woodlands Elm Burl Bowl
thin walled and with sides carved into the form of the Manitou; remnants of brass tacks; accession number inked on base
height 4.5 in. x length 16 in. x width 14.25 in.
19th century
cf. Powers, Steven. North American Burl Treen (2005: 118, pl. 6/15 a/b)
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17
Ho Chunk (Winnebago) Bird Effigy Burl Wood Bowl
shallow bowl with avian form
height 3.25 in. x length 11 in. x width 5.25 in.
mid-19th century
cf. Penney, David. Great Lakes Indian Art (1989: 23).
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18
Carved Bone Crucifix
possibly Mi'kmaq or Maliseet, Jesuit IHS inscribed on reverse
length 2.75 in. x width 1 in.
mid-18th century
An example of a crucifix identified as Mi'kmaq or Maliseet is curated within the collections of Musee McCord (No. M3).
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19
Eastern Woodlands Pipe Tomahawk, with Decorated Blade
tulip-shaped bowl and beveled molding attach to a forged steel head; with one side inlaid with brass depicting a sun and crescent moon, opposite with a copper tree surmounted by the initials OC, a rain cloud, and six crosses, length 6.5 in. x width of blade 2.25 in.; collar lightly decorated with a cross placed within a sun; wood haft has a silver end cap and bands located under the head and at the base, overall length 15 in.
late 18th - early 19th century
A similar tomahawk head is housed within the collections of the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian (collection no. 18/8272) and is noted as Sauk and Fox, dated 1829. The Smithsonian example is also published in Harold Peterson’s book American Indian Tomahawks (no. 139).
Family Lineage:
Constance Stratton Crabtree (b.1918)
Harvard Hersey Crabtree (1882-1871)
Henry Clay Crabtree (1844-1927)
John Dyer Crabtree (1805-1881)
Deacon George Crabtree (1771-1862)
Captain Agreen Crabtree (1732-1808)
Agreen Crabtree was born in Attleboro, Massachusetts in 1739. At a young age, Crabtree sought adventure. He tried his hand at many occupations including farming, fishing, and as a mariner. In 1760 he moved to Maine and opened a lumber and shipping business. When discord broke out between the British and French in 1775 along the northeastern coast, Crabtree saw his chance.
As described in a biography of Crabtree, A man who sailed before the mast… has left relatively few records. A delightful Maine rascal with the improbable name of Agreen Crabtree proves to be an exception to this rule… During the early years of the war, when Maine aggressively presented threat real and imagined for the imperiled British, Captain Crabtree scored outstanding victories on the high seas (1982: 6).
Crabtree, in his small eight gun, fourteen-man outfitted schooner, the Hannah and Molly, plundered British ships and loyal British settlements up and down the Northeastern Coast, primarily in the areas around and including Nova Scotia. Crabtree’s most notable success was the Raid at Port Medway, September 26, 1776, where he captured five British vessels off the coast of Nova Scotia.
In another documented raid which occurred in 1777, Crabtree sacked and plundered a British truck house at the mouth of the St. John River in Nova Scotia. It may have been at this point where he obtained this tomahawk. Truck houses were established in the British Colonies to control trade and foster diplomatic relationships with Native Nations and the British government. During this escapade, Crabtree obtained trunks of gifts for the British crown from the local Mi’kmaq and Maliseet people, as well as various other goods. The Superintendent of Indian Affairs at Machias and a patriot, John Allan, notes of a visit from Agreen Crabtree in his diary on November 17, 1777:
Capt. Crabtree came up to the falls and brought up a trunk he took at St. Johns with several pawns belonging to the Indians, and sundries belonging to the British Truck House on that river (1897: 319).
Allan again writes of Crabtree in a letter written the next day: A. Greene Crabtree arrived here yesterday. He has been to the mouth of St. Johns where he found a Truck House erected by the Britains under the care of Messrs, Hazen, White & Simonds, he took everything of their property only. Also all the Indians Pledges he has Bro’t & Delivered me, expecting some payment. I cannot say how far this was Legal for a Privateer, But I am extremely glad it is-done (1987: 319).
Crabtree’s plunder at the truck house became a hot topic after the British negotiated a Peace and Friendship Treaty at Menaguashe with the Mi’kmaq and the Malecite on September 24, 1778. In a letter to John Allan after the signing of the treaty, Mi’kmaq and Malecite leaders proclaimed their loyalties to the Crown and demanded the return of the objects looted by Captain Crabtree the previous fall.
We desire you will return into the hands of Mr. White at Menaguashe the pledges belonging to us, which were plundered last Fall out of Mr. Hazen’s Store by A. Greene Crabtree, Capt. Of one of your Privateers: for if you don’t send them we will come in a manner you won’t like (Raymond 1897: 318-319)
It is unclear if Crabtree surrendered his plunder of the truck house. Captain Crabtree continued his looting through the end of the Revolutionary War, adding two other schooners to his raids.
References:
1982 Faibisy, John D. “The Greening of A. Crabtree: The Downeast Adventures of a Revolutionary Privateersman”. in The American Neptune. January. Vol. XLII. No. 1 (5-24).
1897 Raymond, Rev. W.O. “Selections from the Papers and Correspondence of James White, Esquire. A.D. 1762-1783”. in Collections of the New Brunswick Historical Society, Vol. 1, Issue 3 (306-340).
1905 Raymond, Rev. W.O. History of the Saint John River: A.D. 1604-1784. Saint John, New Brunswick.
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20
Great Lakes Calumet Pipe Stem, with Steatite Bowl
locomotive-style steatite pipe bowl; having lead inlay, incised decorations, and pierced crest, length 4 in. x height 3 in.; with a long stem having a beveled and file-branded surface, length 32.5 in., overall length 35.5 in.
mid-19th century
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21
Otoe Ball Club
carved of ash or chestnut; burl head is topped with an otter or Underwater Panther; lower portion of haft has scalloped edges and is pierced through for attachment
length 26 in.
mid-19th century
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22
Eastern Plains Painted Gunstock Club
having traditional form and embellished with notched edges; painted on both sides with floral patterns using colors of red, cream, gold, and white
length 28 in.
second half 19th century
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23
Western Great Lakes Pipe Tomahawk
beveled haft having a file-branded surface and studded with approximately 85 brass tacks; blade with a heavy hook and tall, tulip-shaped bowl; length of head 6.75 in. x width of blade 2.75 in.
overall length 17 in.,
third quarter 19th century
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24
Western Great Lakes Carved Pipe Stem, with Catlinite Bowl
stem carved with connecting diamonds and file-branded edges, length 23 in.; T-shaped catlinite bowl with angled prow, length 4.75 in. x height 3.75 in.
overall length 27.5 in.
fourth quarter 19th century
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25
Western Great Lakes Polychrome Pipe Stem, with Catlinite Bowl
elegantly carved pipe stem having concentric rings and openwork cage elements; wood with warm patina and red pigment, length 15.5 in.; matching T-shaped bowl having slight bevel to bowl and designed using nesting chevrons, length 8.25 in. x height 4.5 in.; each inked with accession number 4088/2066 and 108
overall length 22.75 in.
fourth quarter 19th century
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26
Western Great Lakes Figural Pipe Stem, with Catlinite Bowl
wood stem carved depicting a right hand and snake; red and black pigment, length 24.in.; with an L-shaped catlinite bowl designed having concentric rings, length 5.25 in. x height 4 in.
overall length 28 in.
fourth quarter 19th century
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27
Western Great Lakes Catlinite Pipe Bowl
carved in the image of the Underwater Panther
length 5.75 in.
third quarter 19th century
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28
Sioux Quilled Pipe Stem, with Inlaid Catlinite Bowl
wood stem wrapped with plaited quillwork; L-shaped catlinite bowl is decorated with lead inlay forming buffalo tracks; stem length 25.5 in.; bowl height 3.75 in. x length 5.5 in.
fourth quarter 19th century
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29
Great Lakes Wood Club
having a deep and rich patina; heavy burl head; beveled handle with incised linear decorations
overall length 31.5 in.
early 19th century
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